Snippit 94 ► Immunonutrition & Exercise – Macronutrients
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Consensus Statement Immunonutrition and Exercise.
Bermon, S, Castell, LM, Calder, PC, Bishop, NC, Blomstrand, E, Mooren, FC, Krüger, K, Kavazis, AN, Quindry, JC, Senchina, DS, Nieman, DC, Gleeson, M, Pyne, DB, Kitic, CM, Close, GL, Larson-Meyer, DE, Marcos, A, Meydani, SN, Walsh, NP and Nagatomi, R (2017) Consensus Statement Immunonutrition and Exercise. Exercise Immunology Review, 23. pp. 8-50. ISSN 1077-5552
Abstract
In this consensus statement on immunonutrition and exercise, a panel of knowledgeable contributors from across the globe provides a consensus of updated science, including the background, the aspects for which a consensus actually exists, the controversies and, when possible, suggested directions for future research.
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Snippit 93 ► Exercise & Your Immune System
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Exercise immunology: involved components and varieties in different types of physical exercise
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Snippit 92 ► Isometric Push-up – A valid and reliable upper body strength test
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Validation and Reliability of a Novel Test of Upper Body Isometric Strength.
- School of Kinesiology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette LA.
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Science, Ball State University, Muncie IN.
Abstract
The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the association of a novel test of upper body isometric strength against a 1RM bench press measurement.
Forty college age adults (n = 20 female, n = 20 male; age 22.8 ± 2.8 years; body height 171.6 ± 10.8 cm; body mass 73.5 ± 16.3 kg; body fat 23.1 ± 5.4%) volunteered for the present investigation. The participants reported to the lab on three occasions. The first visit included anthropometric measurements and familiarization with both the upper body isometric test and bench press exercise. The final visits were conducted in a randomized order, with one being a 1RM assessment on the bench press and the other consisting of three trials of the upper body isometric assessment. For the isometric test, participants were positioned in a “push-up” style position while tethered (stainless steel chain) to a load cell (high frequency) anchored to the ground.
The peak isometric force was consistent across all three trials (ICC = 0.98) suggesting good reliability. Multiple regression analysis was completed with the predictors: peak isometric force, gender, against the outcome variable 1RM bench press. The analysis resulted in a significant model (r2 = 0.861, p≤0.001) with all predictor variables attaining significance in the model (p<0.05). Isometric peak strength had the greatest effect on the model (Beta = 5.19, p≤0.001).
Results from this study suggest that the described isometric upper body strength assessment is likely a valid and reliable tool to determine strength. Further research is warranted to gather a larger pool of data in regard to this assessment.
KEYWORDS:
bench press; force; measurement; testing
- PMID: 26557203
- PMCID: PMC4633254
- DOI: 10.1515/hukin-2015-0074
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Snippit 91 ► Isometric Mid-thigh Pull – The best position
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Effect of Body Position on Force Production During the Isometric Midthigh Pull
Beckham, George K.
Sato, Kimitake
Santana, Hugo A.P.
Mizuguchi, Satoshi
Haff, G. Gregory
Stone, Michael H.
Abstract
Beckham, GK, Sato, K, Santana, HAP, Mizuguchi, S, Haff, GG, and Stone, MH. Effect of body position on force production during the isometric midthigh pull. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 48–56, 2018
Various body positions have been used in the scientific literature when performing the isometric midthigh pull resulting in divergent results.
We evaluated force production in the isometric midthigh pull in bent (125° knee and 125° hip angles) and upright (125° knee, 145° hip angle) positions in subjects with (>6 months) and without (<6 months) substantial experience using weightlifting derivatives. A mixed-design ANOVA was used to evaluate the effect of pull position and weightlifting experience on peak force, force at 50, 90, 200, and 250 ms.
There were statistically significant main effects for weightlifting experience and pull position for all variables tested, and statistically significant interaction effects for peak force, allometrically scaled peak force, force at 200 ms, and force at 250 ms. Calculated effect sizes were small to large for all variables in subjects with weightlifting experience, and were small to moderate between positions for all variables in subjects without weightlifting experience.
A central finding of the study is that the upright body position (125° knee and 145° hip) should be used given that forces generated are highest in that position. Actual joint angles during maximum effort pulling should be measured to ensure body position is close to the position intended.
Copyright © 2018 by the National Strength & Conditioning Association.
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